Which bias is described by interpreting information through cultural or social categories?

• A. Availability bias
• B. Selection bias
• C. Confirmation bias
• D. Cultural bias

Answer: (D)

Interpreting information through cultural or social categories means judging what you see using your own culture’s beliefs, norms, and stereotypes rather than evaluating it on its own terms. That kind of lens is cultural bias. It shows up when you assess people, behaviors, or outcomes by applying cultural assumptions, which can lead to biased conclusions because differences are read as deficiencies or as evidence of inferiority, simply because they don’t align with your own cultural frame.

This isn’t about what information is easiest to recall (that’s availability bias), or about how a study or data set was gathered (selection bias), or about seeking out information that confirms what you already think (confirmation bias). It specifically centers on using cultural categories to interpret information, which is the hallmark of cultural bias.